餐廚垃圾處理是餐飲垃圾和廚余垃圾的總稱，指餐館、飯店、單位食堂、家庭日常生活等飲食剩余物以及食物下腳料、剩菜剩飯、肉食、油脂、蔬菜瓜果等，是城市生活垃圾的主要組成成分，具有含水率高、有機(jī)質(zhì)占比高、含鹽量高、易生化降解等特色。 Eat hutch waste disposal is the floorboard of the food waste and kitchen waste, restaurant, hotel, canteen, family daily life such as eating leftovers and food scraps, leftovers, meat, oil, vegetables, melons and fruits, etc., is a major component of urban living garbage, with high moisture content, organic matter, high proportion, high salinity and easy biochemical degradation characteristics. ? ? 目前，我國(guó)餐廚垃圾處理技術(shù)主要包括傳統(tǒng)處理技術(shù)和資源化處理技術(shù)。其中，傳統(tǒng)處理技術(shù)主要有填埋法、焚燒法等，資源化處理技術(shù)主要有好氧堆肥、飼料化處理、厭氧發(fā)酵等。具體來看，在傳統(tǒng)餐廚垃圾處理技術(shù)中，填埋法具有簡(jiǎn)單、投資小的特色，但填埋處理資源化水平極低，并以污水量大、污水處理困難、堆體穩(wěn)定性差及資源浪費(fèi)為重大代價(jià)。 At present, China's kitchen waste treatment technology mainly includes traditional treatment technology and resource treatment technology. Among them, the traditional treatment technology mainly includes landfill method, incineration method, etc., and the resource treatment technology mainly includes aerobic composting, feed processing, anaerobic fermentation, etc. Specifically, in the traditional kitchen waste treatment technology, the landfill method has the characteristics of simple, small investment, but the level of landfill treatment resources is very low, and with a large amount of sewage, sewage treatment difficulties, poor stability and waste of resources for the significant cost.? ? ? 焚燒法對(duì)餐廚垃圾處理的熱值有一定要求，一般用于處理有相當(dāng)熱值的可燃性垃圾，如木材、紙張等，對(duì)含水率較高的餐廚垃圾就不適宜直接焚燒，因?yàn)樗趾扛邥?huì)增加焚燒燃料的消耗，增加處理成本；且高含水率會(huì)造成焚燒爐內(nèi)燃燒不完全，促進(jìn)二噁英的生成；因此，餐廚垃圾不適合用焚燒工藝處理。 Incineration method has certain requirements for the calorific value of kitchen waste treatment. It is generally used to treat combustible garbage with a considerable calorific value, such as wood, paper, etc., and it is not suitable for direct incineration of kitchen waste with a high moisture content, because the high moisture content will increase the consumption of incineration fuel and increase the processing cost. The high moisture content will lead to incomplete combustion in the incinerator and promote the generation of dioxins. Therefore, kitchen waste is not suitable for incineration process. ? ? 在資源化處理技術(shù)中，好氧堆肥是利用微生物對(duì)餐廚垃圾中的有機(jī)質(zhì)實(shí)現(xiàn)降解的過程，包括好氧生物處理、堆肥化處理。餐廚垃圾含有豐富的有機(jī)質(zhì)、適量的水分、均勻的營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素配比，十分適合微生物的生長(zhǎng)。因此在一定的堆積狀態(tài)下，餐廚垃圾中的微生物自然生長(zhǎng)繁殖，使有機(jī)質(zhì)降解，最終生成穩(wěn)定的富含腐殖質(zhì)的有機(jī)肥料。 Aerobic composting is a process of using microorganisms to degrade the organic matter in kitchen waste, including aerobic biological treatment and composting treatment. The kitchen waste is rich in organic matter, proper amount of water and uniform ratio of nutrient elements, which is very suitable for the growth of microorganisms. Therefore, in a certain state of accumulation, the microorganisms in the kitchen waste grow and reproduce naturally, degrade the organic matter, and eventually generate stable organic fertilizer rich in humus. ? ? 飼料化處理曾被認(rèn)為是資源化處置的良好方式，因餐廚垃圾處理中含有豐富的淀粉、纖維素、蛋白質(zhì)、脂類及無機(jī)鹽，可將其脫水后制成蛋白飼料。但由于餐廚垃圾中含有豐富的淀粉、纖維素、蛋白質(zhì)、脂類及無機(jī)鹽，因此將其脫水后制成蛋白飼料。 Feed processing has been considered as a good way of resource disposal, because the kitchen waste is rich in starch, cellulose, protein, lipids and inorganic salts, which can be dehydrated to make protein feed. But because the food kitchen waste contains rich starch, cellulose, protein, fat and inorganic salt, so it will be dehydrated into protein feed.